AGELLID LEAR
Sγur William Shakespeares
Agellid Lear (The King Lear) d yiwet si tceqqufin umezgun timeqqranin i yura Shakespeares. Tikkelt tamezwarut i yuraren taceqquft-a, tella-d deg useggas n 1607 mi i d-iwḍent tfegliwin n “Christmas”. Agellid n Briṭaniya tameqqrant di tallit-nni d « Jack 1ru ».
Ad nesmekti kan belli Shakespeares yura daγen azal n tceqqufin: Othello, The life of Timon of Athena, Romeo & Juliet, Macbeth, Henry VIII…atg.
Taceqquft-a d yawk wid iţţekkan deg-s, yiwi-ten-d Shakespeares seg yiwet n tullizt i yeţwarun kra wakud seld ines, tullizt-a d « Monmouth & Holinshed ». Iḥekku-yaγ-d amek yessi-s n ugellid Lear « Goneril d Regane », i s-serwant tid iseqqan. Rant a s-kksent tagelda-s d wayen awk yesεa. Agellid yerwel ar Fransa, ar yelli-s tis krad “Cordelia”. D neţţat i tagara i t-id-yerran ar Briṭṭanya tameqqrant u tesbedd-it af uqerru n tgelda.
Shakespeares, deg “ugellid Lear”, yeggar aglam (description) n sin n waddaden (état) i yemgaraden ger-asen: yemgarad akk d yelli-s tamaẓuẓt, isellem-iţ zdat inebgawen-is…ar tagara, d neţţat i t-id-icefεen, d neţţat fuγef i isenned ass mi yeγli.
Snat-nni n yessi-s timeqqranin i s-yennan nḥemel-ik, ar tagara qqlent-as d izerman n uqelmun.
Ismawen id-yiwi Shakespeares di tceqquft-a n, yekkes-iten-d seg yiwen n wedlis i yura Samuel Harsenett deg useggas n 1605 S.T isem-s “ Tideţ af texnansin n ikaṭulikiyen “ (revelation about Papist awful deceits). Nezmer ad nebder kra deg-sen akka am Mahou, Fratrello, Smulkin, Fliderigibett ...atg.
Tigzi n Shakespeares di tira n tceqqufin n umezgun, ama dγa deg “Ugellid Lear”, d ayen id-iwint tektiwin-is: yeskan-yaγ-d di tceqquft-a kra n tγawsiwin d tixatarin. I wakken ad tili « tagada » (égalité) ger medden, ales isulef fell-as ad yekkes akasan seg wul-is. Shakespeares yeţmeslay-ed s yiles n medden yeţwarekḍen, yeţwaḥeqren i wakken ad isbeggen aqaruḥ d lbaṭel i ţḥassan s-daxel n wul-nsen. Tikltiwin n Shakespeare nezmer a ten-ţ-neqqren ar tidak-nni n inemlayen (socialistes)
Taceqquft tebḍa af 5 yixfawen. Tukkist i d-iwiγ kkseγ-ţ-id seg yixef amenzu n tceqquft.
Imnekcamen i iţekkan di tceqquft-a d wi :
- Lear : Agellid n Briṭṭaniya tameqqrant
- Goneril, Regane, Cordelia, yessi-s n ugellid
- Agellid n Fransa
- « Duke »(duc) n Bourgogne
- « DuKe » n Cournouailles
- « Count » (compte) n Kent
- « Count » n Gloster
- Edgar, mmi-s n Gloster
- Edmond, mmi-s leḥram n Gloster
…. D wiyaḍ.
Iwiγ-d tukkist seg ixef amenzu, suqleγ-ţ-id akken sneγ, yella wayen ixuṣen deg-s, maca anamek yeqqim d win d win. Kra n tefyirin kkseγ-tent, jeddleγ-tent-id s tiyaḍ ilmend imeγri « aqbayalawal » ad yegzi taceqquft.
Ixef amenzu
ASAYES 1ru(scène 1) : ger Kent, Gloster akk d Edmond.
Kent : Lliγ γileγ Agellid imal ar tama « duke » n Albany af Cournouailles.
Gloster : Ula d nek akka i lliγ ţγiliγ. Maca, ass-a imi i d-yiweḍ lawan n beṭṭu n tgelda, ur neẓri wiγer imal, ma ar wa neγ ar wayeḍ. Yektal, imeyyez, isizzel rray-is mi yebḍa ayla-s. Dayen kan, yebḍa-yasen s lmizan.
Kent : D yiwen seg warraw-ik weqcic-a neγ ?
Gloster : D nek i t-irebban u ṣerfeγ fell-as. Yeţţizwiγ wudem-iw m’ ara d-mektiγ belli d mmi waki.
Kent : i wacu…
Gloster : Yemma-s trefed-it di tdist-is, tsuffeγ-t-id d ahuskay ; tesεa-d mmi-s send a ţ-zweğ. Mmi-s di dduḥ, argaz ur yelli deg wussu-s. Twalaḍ anect iga lεar-is ?
Kent : Xas ma yella ddiγ yid-ek, maca aqcic yefγ-ed yewqem akken iwata.
Gloster : Maca sεiγ yiwen n mmi si zwağ leḥlal. D amenzu ines s useggas, xas ma yella ur yeεziz fell-i. Amaẓuẓ d tarewla i d-yerwel ass mi d-ilul, ulac win yellan yeţrağu-t. Yesγefl-aneγ ikecm-ed. Yemma-s tecbeḥ aṭas, γef wannect-a
Ikecm-ed Edmond timir-nni, imeslay γur-s Gloster yenna-yas :
-Tesneḍ waki yellan da (wis krad) ?
Edmond : ur tessineγ ara, a ṭikuk .
Kent : wa d ṭikuk, mmi-s n Kent, d ameddakel-iw.
(….)
Kkan akken kra n wakud almi i d-yekcem ugellid Lear, « duke » n Cournouailles, « duke » n Albany, Goneril, Regane akk d Cordelia.
ASAYES wis 2 : ger Kent, Gloster, Lear, Goneril, Cordelia, Regane, Cournouailles akk d Albany.
Lear : Gloster, Ruḥ skecm-ed Agellid n Fransa akk d « duke » n Bourgogne.
Kent : aqli-n a yagellid.
Gloster akk d Edmond fγen.
Lear : Send ad d-awḍen, xseγ a wen-fkeγ ayen yellan yexmet deg wallaγ.
Efk-iyi-d « carte » ! A ţ-ẓrem amek bḍiγ tagelda-iw af 3 yeḥricen. Tagara n wussan i y-id-yegg°ran i tudert-iw, xseγ ad kseγ aγben af wallaγ-iw. Ass ma yella ad taweḍ tberkant, ad aγeγ tikli yid-s wer iγeblan. Cornouailles akk d kečč a Albany, tura a wen-d-iniγ tuččit (dot) [neγ beṭṭu n wayla-s] a sent-fkeγ i yess-i i wakken ur yeţţili umenuγ sya ar zdat.
Inebgawen-iw : agellid n Fransa akk d « duke » n Bourgogne kkaten anwa ad yaγen yelli tamaẓuẓt (Cordelia).
Tura a yessi, anta deg-went iy-iḥemlen af tiyaḍ. Tura inimt-iyi-d ayen teţxemmimemt, tin ay-yecca’ren allen d neţţat ad yawen asefk ameqqran. Goneril, kem i d tamenzut, ihi meslay d tamezwarut.
Goneril : a yagellid a baba, ur ufiγ tameslayt s-wayes i zemreγ ak-d-iniγ ḥemmleγ-k. Tayri-w tekka-d awk nnig-sent. Tekka-d nnig wallen-iw, nnig tlelli, nnig igenwan, nnig n wayen awk εzizen deg umadal. Ulac mmi-s neγ yelli-s i iḥemlen neγ i ibedden af baba-s akken ik-ḥemleγ neγ akka ik-ggareγ. D tayri i igezzmen ula d nnefs, tin ur neḥwağ ula d ameslay.
Cordelia teţmeslay d yiman-is teqqar-as : « Acu tezmer Cordelia? Tḥemmel kan arnu tsusem. »
Lear : Atan a m-fkeγ yawk timura i d-yuskan ger tilas-a, s imula-yis, s lwaḍi-yis, s tebḥirin-is, iγeẓran awk i d-yekkan fell-as, igdalen n tkessawt. Timura-ya ad uγalent inem kem d tarwa-m.
Acu ay-ţ-ini-d tis snat, Regane tameṭṭut n Cournouailles ? aha, meslay !
Regane : Nek d weltma Goneril seg yiwen idim, ulac deg wacu iy-tif. Tayri ik-ḥemleγ, tezdeg ines tesbek γef wul-iw. Aya mačči drus, aql-in siweleγ i yiman-iw ad uγal d tacenguţ n wayen awk ẓiḍen i yzemren ad yesluγ tayri-w.
Cordelia thedder d yiman-is :
« I kem a Cordelia tameγbunt ? Maca ẓriγ tayri-w tufar awk imeslayen. »
Lear : i kem d wid ad d-yasen s deffir-m, atan a wen-muddeγ aḥric wis 3 n tgelda-w : azal-is annect n winna n Goneril ; di tjumma-s (surface) neγ di ssuma… Tura kem a tawizeţ n yessi, tin fuγef teţnaγ Fransa akk d Bourgogne. A tamaẓuẓt acu tzemreḍ ay-d-iniḍ akken a ţ-uklaleḍ aḥric-a i d-yeqqimen : yugar sin imezwura n yestma-m ama di ssuma ama di tjumma ? Meslay !
Cordelia : Ulac dacu ad iniγ a yagellid a baba.
Lear : Ulac ?
Cordelia : ulac.
Lear : ulac acu ad yefγen seg yilem, ini-d kra.
Cordelia : yeggugem yiles ad isenṭeq ul akken ad isufeγ ayen yellan deg-s. ḥemleγ-k a baba akken iwata, ulac acu ad d-rnuγ, ulac dacu ad d-kseγ.
Lear : amek a Cordelia ! Amek ! Seggem imeslayen-im, m-ulac a ţ-rehneḍ tudert-im s ufus-im.
Cordelia : A yagellid a baba, d kečč iy-id-isekkren, d kečč iy-id-isegnan (irebban). Nek, rriγ-ak-d lxir-ik s wayen zemreγ u akken iwilem, acku ţqaddareγ-k, ḥemleγ-k u ţεuzzuγ-k. Imu sεant irgazen tiyestma-w, ma yella tcekkiεent akka belli ala kečč i ḥemlent ? Azgen n wayen yellan deg wul-iw, azgen n leḥnana-w a ten-muddeγ i win ay yaγen, win ad yuγalen d argaz-iw. Nek ẓriγ belli ur zewwağeγ ara ama yestma-w i wakken ad ḥemleγ kan baba.
Lear : Seg wul i d-meslayeḍ ?
Cordelia : Ih a baba.
Lear : Akka-kem a Cordelia ! Akka-kem d taqcict meẓẓiyen, ul-im d aẓru ?
Cordelia : Meẓẓiyeγ rnu d tafeḥlit wer tikerkas.
Lear : imi akka i tgiḍ, d tifeḥli-m ihi a ţ-awiḍ d tuččit. Atan guleγ s wayen awk iγ-d-itezzin, gulleγ s « Hecar » akk d wuḍan, gulleγ s yiṭṭij d yitran, selmeγ-kem. Selmeγ-kem seg wul-iw, si leḥnana-w, selmeγ-kem seg idammen-iw. Seg wass-a alma d lebda, tuγaleḍ d taberranit ar γur-i, tefgeheḍ seg wul-iw.
Kent : a yagellid…
Lear : Susem kečč. Ur sekcam ara iman-ik ger-i d waṭṭan-iw. D taki i lliγ ḥemleγ awk ger-asent, sirmeγ d ta ay-d-yerren tumert. Effeγ sya, ur bγint ara a k-ẓrent wallen-iw !
Siwlet-as i ugellid n Fransa ad d-yas γer da.
Kunwi a Cournouailles d Albany, atan muddeγ-awen amur-is bḍut-ţ ger-awen. Aql-in a ţ-eğğeγ di ţnefxa-s i wakken a ţ-af-ed iman-is argaz. Imi tessawal-as tifeḥlin i ţnefxa. Atan muddeγ-awen awk tazmert id-yiwi udabu.
Nek, ad ḥwağeγ kan 100 imennayen, d kunwi a ten-ixelṣen. Ad zedγeγ γur-wen s nnuba akka i wayyur. Ad ğğeγ γur-i kan cciεa n ugellid, ma yella dayen yeqqnen ar tdebla, ar yedrimen d yawk ayen nniḍen, ğğiγ-awen-ten a yarraw-iw εzizen.
Kent : A yagellid, seg wass mi d-kkreγ nek ţεuzuγ-k, qeddceγ ar γur-k u ḥemleγ-k am baba…
Lear : Aql-in iwḍeγ ar tagara, a d-ṭṭreḍqeγ, bala-k dacu i d-sexṣareḍ !
Kent : Ewwet-iyi-d, aql-in, celleḥ-iyi ul ma yella tebγiḍ. Ur k-in-ţḥessiseγ acku tebγiḍ a ţ-uγaleḍ d amexlul.
Lear iga am win ad ijebden isekkim (épée)
Iwacu i d-jebḍeḍ isekkim a yamγar ?
Tigdi ur ţ-ssineγ ma ẓriγ azref. Nnif, d awal n leεqel ma yella ugellid yebda yeshetrif.
Uγal deg wawal-ik a yagellid txemmemeḍ-as s ţawil. Ulayeγer tufγa n leεqel. Zemreγ ak-galleγ anda tebγiḍ belli d Cordelia ik-iḥemlen awk ger yessi-k.
Lear : Kent, lemmer ad rnuḍ awal, ad gluγ s tudert-ik !
Kent : Tudert-iw, dayen i d-yuzgan ger-ak d icenga-k. Ur ugadeγ lmuţ ma yella i wayen yelhan.
Lear : effeγ, ur bγint ara a k-ẓrent wallen !
Kent : muqqel nezzeh, Lear : muqqel s wallen-iw !
Lear : jmeε liman !
Kent : a teţgalaḍ deg waḍu
Lear : a yaqjun !
Albany d Cournaouilles, meslayen-d akken di sin
« A yagellid, di laεnaya-k m’ ur teḥbiseḍ ! »
Kent : Aql-in, ewwet-iyi-d, nneγ argaz ik-yebγan ayen igerrzen. Uγal deg wawal-ik ! Akka mazal-iyi heddreγ, ad iniγ : ayen tegguleḍ diri-t !
Lear : a yaqjun, sel-iyi-d mliḥ ! Guleγ, tebγiḍ ad ḥenteγ, dayen ur xdimeγ di tudert-iw. Teskecmeḍ iman-ik deg wayen ur k-iwilmen. Ihi seg mi akka, ur k-sxaṣaγ deg wayen n dir : fkiγ-ak 5 n wussan ; ddem ayen awk teḥwağeḍ ; ass wis 6, aţ-fγeḍ ‘si tmurt-iw. Ass wis 6, lemmer ak-ṭṭfen deg wayla-w, aql-ik temmuteḍ. Atan ihi, ayen s-wayes guleγ werğin ad ḥenteγ.
Kent : A mass agellid, aql-in ad ruḥeγ ur d-ţţuγaleγ. Ur d-gg°ri tlelli da, uγaleγ d awerdan.
Yezzi ar Cordelia yenna-yas : « a kem-iεuz rebbi, a yelli, ameslay-im d uγdim, tiktiwin-im segment ».
Yezzi ar Regane akk d Goneril yenna-yasent : « ma d kunemti, ssarameγ d tideţ i d-tennamt deg wawal nwent. Ssarameγ d tayri ad isuγen seg imeslayen nwent. Nek ad beddleγ tamurt, ad εerḍeγ amek ad sbeddeγ iman-iw anda nniḍen ».
.....
isuqqel-iţ-id ar Teqbaylit AMNAY