Tadiwennit d Mulud Ferεun
Teffeγ deg l'Effort Algerien n 27 furar 1953 yesteqsa-t Maurice Monnoyer.
Yerra-tt ar tezwawt Amor Rekis
S lferḥ ameqran ad awen nehdu tadiwennit d Mulud Ferεun ara isufγen ungal-ines wis sin, Akal d Idammen γer tizrigin Le Seuil. Adlis-a, i d-yettwacekkren aṭas, war ccek ad isεu azal ameqran imi yettmeslay γef lγerba n Izwawen ar Fransa.
’’ Mulud Feraun ata da zdat-i , yusad srid si tmurt n Izwawen. D acu tenniḍ ad temlileḍ yid-s tura ..? '' i d-yesteqsa Emmanuel Roblès di tilifun .
Ulayγar nniγ-awen srid i qebleγ. Azgen n tsaεtt mbaεd, win ara yeqqimen γur-i ''mmis igellil'', yekcem γer lbiru-inu. yiwen ufus yerfed lemḍela wayeḍ aqrab n uglim.
Yessers ayen ibub. Yeẓẓel afus-is yexmes yid-i s leḥmala.
Mulud Ferεun yettban amzun d imsetḥi maca mi d yuki kan s teflest neγ laman ad yelli iman-is, yettmeslay, yettqesiṛ awen d iban ulac argaz lεali am netta.
Netta yettmeslay-d nek taεwadγ-as tamuγli s tuffra. Deffir tismaqalin tettreqriq deg taṭucin-is tafat n tudert. Yessers sin ifasen iberkanen sufella lbiru . Icetiḍen i yelsa ḥman , aqerruy-is yeğğa-t εaryan , tamgarṭ-is tettban i-yid am akken tekcem deg tuyat-is seg ubalṭu aqehwani i yelsa.Udem yennecraḥ γas anyir tkerz-it ddunit. Acebbub d ulwiγ, aberkan am claγem-is i cebḥen imi-s m’ ara yecmumeḥ.
Siwlaγ-d γef ungal-inek amezwaru.
-Uriγ ''Mmis igellil'' deg ussan iberkanen n umgaru, s teftilt n ''ukanki''.Rriγ deg-s ayen akk yellan deg ul-iw.
Ungal a d ameddurman* , neγ akka ?
-Ih…aṭas i fkiγ i wakken ad yeffeγ udlis a acku iḥuzayi laẓ di kra n ussan . γas akkeni imru ur yeḥbis armi ukiγ i wayen i zemreγ ad ggaγ. Cciεa i d-yewwi tesbeγs-iyi akken ad aruγ idlisen niḍen.
Yernad d akken ilul deg Tizi-Hibel taγiwant n Larbεa n at Iraten deg tama n Igawawen. Deg twacult tagellilt.
I baba-k d acu yella ixeddem ?
-D afellaḥ I yella γef iman-is di tallit-nni i lullaγ maca deffir 1910 terra-t tmara ad yeğğ akal n lejdud yeḍfer abrid n unadi n uxeddim anda niḍen. Imir-nni Iqbayliyen ur ttinigen ara ar Fransa maca ar tama n Qsentina. Ruḥ a zzman armi yufa iman-is deg imγizen n Ugafa , di Lens syen yedda ar tama n Paris . Yella ixeddem ar Fonderies d'Aubervilliers mi t yewwet umxix deg uxeddim.
Nezmer ad ninni d akken baba-k yeṛwa laεtab akken ak n irebbi. Deg acḥal yid-wen i tellam ?
-Semmus (5), sin deg-sen d arrac. amaẓuẓ d aγen d aselmad .
Deg ''Mmis n igellil'', turiḍ s ubrid n ungal temẓi-inek d leqraya-k. Tewḍed ar iswi-k s ''iγalen-ik''. Aṭas i tεajb-iyi tabγest-ik….
-Ur zmireγ ad ttuγ yiwen seg iselmaden-iw id yefkan afus n tallalt akken ad i fken lbursa akken ad kemleγ leqraya deg Tizi-wezzu akk d ENA (aγerbaz amagnu n Lezzayer).
Melmi id tuγaleḍ d aselmad ?
-Deg useggas n 1935 . Seg ass-nni aṭas n tγawsiwin i seγraγ ladγa di Tewrirt Mussa , sin ikilumitren γef taddart- iw, seg 1946 ar 1952.
Assa aqlik-id d anemhal n uγerbaz n warrac n Larbεa nat Iraten ….
-D tidett Akka ih, seg wayyur n tuber.
Aγerbaz n 300 inelmaden s timeγri tanemmadut*, tferḥeḍ ?
-Deqs-aγ. Γur-nneγ aman di tbernint d trisiti. Amejjay d ufarmasyan zdat-nneγ kan.Igerdan qqaren akken ilha acku bγan ad lemden aṭas n tγawsiwin.
Tzewğeḍ ?
-Zewğaγ, γur-i 6 igerdan , ameqran deg-sen d bab n 13 iseggasen.
Newweḍ γer w ''Akal d idammen''. Mulud Ferεun yessereḥ deg meslay….nettḥulfu d akken adlis yecreḍ aṭas n wayyuren n tensuft. Adlis mazal yedder deg-s, γas akken atan yakan deg Paris.
Amek ik d t ussa tikti n ungal-a amaynut ?
-Tamezwarut d cciεa n ungal id uriγ deffir wa i-d-iyi sbeγsen ad aruγ wiyaḍ. Tis snat, tikti tusa-yid akken ad suqlaγ iman (rruḥ) n Teqbaylit, ad iliγ d anagi.Nek d aqbayli aquran d mmis uqbayli,seg mi d lulaγ i zedγeγ di Tmurt-a .Iqbayliyen d imdanen am nutni am wiyaḍ.Nek aqli-yi da i wakken awen t id inniγ. Seg mi bdiγ tira n udlis a, yeṭafar-iyi ameddakel-iw Roblès , γur-s ass-a 20 iseggasen segmi tesnaγ.Netta i yesbeγsen di yal tikkelt yettased ar γur-i ar Tewrirt ad yessefqed ma kfiγ-t neγ ala, takerrust-is tameγbunt aṭas i tenaεtab deg iberdan yettalin s adrar .Ad teẓrem d akken tadukli ar γures macci d awal kan.
Ungal n Aεmeṛ d Marie .
Γef acu yettmeslay ungal akal d idammen ?
Mulud Ferεun ur d yerra awal din din. Yebda yetturar mebla ma ifaq s inziz (llastik )yufa sufella lbiru , mi t yeḍleq yeddem akeryun . Yeḍeqr iman-is ar deffir ikemmel :
-Niγ-as lγerba n Iqbayliyen tezmer ad efk yiwen neγ kra n idlisen .Bḍiγ lγerba γef snat : seg 1910 ar 1930 akk d 1930 ar assa.''Akal d Idammen ''yettmeslay γef tallit tamezwarut, ad rnuγ ungal niḍen γef tallit tis snat.
Ayγer snat n talliyin ?
-Γef akken ttwaliγ yella umgarad (lxilaf) ameqran ger snat talliyin-a . lεeqliya n Iqbayliyen n w ass-a yettinigen ar Fransa ur telli maḍi am tin n iqbayliyen isen irẓan asalu.Yif akken wejden Iqbayliyen n 1953 imi taγen tanumi i tmeddurt n temdint maca yif akken ṭfen imezwura di tjadit d tmurt.Llan ttḥirin melmi ara uγalen ar taddart s isurdiyen ara ten isuffeγen seg yir liḥala ig llan ddren.Ass-a nettidir ayen niḍen.
Siwlaγ-d kra fell-as
-Wwiγ-d deg ''Akal d idammen'' taqsiṭ n Aεmer, ilemẓi n 14 iseggasen, i d-uznen γer Paris netta d iğiran-is deffir umgaru n umadal amezwaru.Aεmer yella ixeddem d amenwal γer warraw n taddart-is .Di Fransa yebda ixeddem am netta am atmaten-is deg umγizi (lmina).Deg yiwet n tmeddit yenγa war aεemmed yimen uqbayli.Ameγbun meskin ur yezmir ad yuγal ar tmurt imi yugad at nγen tawacult n umerḥum.Yeqqim di Fransa.Zrin 15 iseggasen , yettu leḥder, yejma tamurt d tudert n imesdurar . Yewwi yides tameṭṭut-is Marie , taparizyant ig ṛwan lemṛaṛ n ddunit.Sin iseggasen segmi d yuγal ,yessawel-as-d lmektub-is, nγan-t.
Ameslay nneγ ikemmel, Mulud Ferεun yettara γef akk isteqsiyen-iw.
Yella kra tetthegiḍ ?
-Ih, acku ayen yaεnan iman (rruḥ) n Teqbaylit meqqer maca yewεar at terreḍ akken iwata.
Ad yilli ukemmel i Mmis igellil ?
-Aya macci d awezγi…maca deffir waya, ad suffγeγ war ccek adlis i d-yessumen Brouty γef tmeddurt n yal ass n Izwawen. Tajmaεt, tala, ssuq, tuγalin n iγriben si Fransa…atg.Ad kemleγ adlis-a s tmucuha.
Melmi tettaruḍ ?
-Deg ass lehhuγ d twurri , ttaruγ deg iḍ d ussan n ustaεfu.ttaruγ qrib yal ass 3 neγ 4 tewriqin, ma ğğan-t-iyi tikta a tteğğaγ i wass niḍen.
Mi tettaruḍ tetabaεḍ aγawas (leblan)?
-Zeggireγ s tira n tikta s umata.Mi ttaruγ i ttqeεideγ taqsiṭ.S umata ẓriγ anda tedduγ maca mi ttaruγ ttasen-t tikta d tegnatin ur nwiγ.
Amek i tettwaliḍ udmawen n ungal-ik ?
-Ttareγ s tidet iman-iw deg umḍiq-nsen. Tsuturaγ-ten.Di tagara d nutni ara i d innin d acu ara aruγ.
Nettkemil ameslay,mass Ferεun yenna yid d akken ad yewwet tarzeft ar Paris deg ussan n ustaεfu n tfaska ( Paques) ilmend n tuffγa n udlis ''Akal d Iddamen''.Le Seuil, war ccek as d ggen tameγra (ad nfaṛes tagnit ad nesmekti d akken tizrigin-a uγen izerfan n udlis ''Mmis igellil'').
Anwi idlisen i tḥemleḍ ?
-Aṭas i γriγ.Zik ur tceriṭeγ ara nnig wacu tceriṭeγ ass-a.Testtbenaγ idlisen ilsanen, wid yaεreḍ ad yer amyaru alsan s lekmal-is acku alsan ur yelli yelha s lekmal neγ diri s lekmal.Amyaru af akken ttwaliγ ur yesεi azref ad yemeslay γef imdanen s ustehzi.Yak tecrekḍ-iyi ṛṛay ?
Mulud Ferεun d amusnaw s tidett u d amyaru mu zeddig wul. Ẓṛiγ itri-s at yessiweḍ γer lebɛed, Akken yebγu yili, tiγṛi-s seg tid mu ilaq a nsel !
* ameddurman : yettmeslay γef iman-is,γef tudert-is.
*timeγri tanemmadut: cours préparatoire.
tawwuri: leqdic, axeddim.